Migranci katolickich Kościołów wschodnich. Studium kanoniczno-prawne
Abstract
Migranci katolickich Kościołów wschodnich posiadają wiele szczególnych praw potwierdzonych przez prawo kanoniczne. Prawami tymi są m.in. prawo do posiadania własnego ordynariusza i proboszcza, prawo do sprawowania kultu Bożego, zgodnie z przepisami własnego Kościoła sui iuris, prawo do podążania własną drogą życia duchowego, prawo otrzymywania od swoich pasterzy pomocy z duchowych dóbr Kościoła. Co bardzo ważne ci migranci poza prawami posiadają także szczególne obowiązki takie jak obowiązek zachowania wspólnoty ze swoim Kościołem sui iuris oraz obowiązek zachowania swojego obrządku. Aby wierni mogli korzystać ze swoich praw i wypełniać ciążące na nich obowiązki, muszą mieć zapewnione odpowiednie struktury duszpasterskie. Na przestrzeni wieków Kościół wypracował wiele urzędów i instytucji prawnych w tym obszarze, do których zaliczają się: kapelanie, missio cum cura animarum, parafie personalne, parafie terytorialne, ordynariaty, a także egzarchaty i eparchie ustanowione poza historycznymi granicami Kościołów wschodnich. Poza samymi strukturami istnieje również wiele podmiotów, prawnie odpowiedzialnych za troskę duszpasterską o migrantów.
W niniejszej pracy poza szczegółową prezentacją wszystkich tych instytucji i podmiotów zostało ukazane również to, w jaki sposób troska o migrantów wschodnich jest połączona z troską Kościoła o zachowanie wschodnich obrządków. Kościół obecnie bardzo stara się, aby wschodnie dziedzictwo było odpowiednio zabezpieczone poza tradycyjnymi granicami Kościołów wschodnich.
Migrants of the Eastern Catholic Churches have many special rights, which are confirmed by canon law. These rights are, among other, the right to have their own ordinary and pastor, the right to worship God according to the prescriptions of their own Church sui iuris, the right to follow their own form of spiritual life, the right to receive from the pastors of the Church assistance out of the spiritual goods of the Church. What is very important, apart from their rights, these migrants also have special obligations such as the obligation to maintain communion with their Church sui iuris and the obligation to observe their rite. In order to exercise their rights and fulfil their obligations, the migrants of Eastern Catholic Churches must be provided with appropriate pastoral structures. Over the centuries, the Church has developed many offices and legal institutions in this area, including chaplaincies, missio cum cura animarum, personal parishes, territorial parishes, ordinariates, exarchates and eparchies established beyond the historical boundaries of the Eastern Churches. Apart from the structures themselves, there are also various entities that are legally responsible for the pastoral care of migrants. In this work, beside detailed presentation of all these institutions and entities, it is also discussed how pastoral care for eastern migrants is connected with the Church’s concern about the preservation of eastern rites. Nowadays, the Church is working hard to ensure that the heritage of the East is adequately secured outside the traditional boundaries of the Eastern Churches.
Migrants of the Eastern Catholic Churches have many special rights, which are confirmed by canon law. These rights are, among other, the right to have their own ordinary and pastor, the right to worship God according to the prescriptions of their own Church sui iuris, the right to follow their own form of spiritual life, the right to receive from the pastors of the Church assistance out of the spiritual goods of the Church. What is very important, apart from their rights, these migrants also have special obligations such as the obligation to maintain communion with their Church sui iuris and the obligation to observe their rite. In order to exercise their rights and fulfil their obligations, the migrants of Eastern Catholic Churches must be provided with appropriate pastoral structures. Over the centuries, the Church has developed many offices and legal institutions in this area, including chaplaincies, missio cum cura animarum, personal parishes, territorial parishes, ordinariates, exarchates and eparchies established beyond the historical boundaries of the Eastern Churches. Apart from the structures themselves, there are also various entities that are legally responsible for the pastoral care of migrants. In this work, beside detailed presentation of all these institutions and entities, it is also discussed how pastoral care for eastern migrants is connected with the Church’s concern about the preservation of eastern rites. Nowadays, the Church is working hard to ensure that the heritage of the East is adequately secured outside the traditional boundaries of the Eastern Churches.
Description
Wydział Prawa, Prawa Kanonicznego i Administracji, Instytut Prawa Kanonicznego; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: ks. dr hab. Leszek Adamowicz, prof. KUL
Keywords
Katolickie Kościoły wschodnie, migranci, obrządek, struktury hierarchiczne, duszpasterstwo migrantów, Eastern Catholic Churches, migrants, rite, hierarchical structures, pastoral care of migrants
