Podróże i mobilność terytorialna Zamoyskich w XIX wieku w świetle korespondencji rodzinnej
Abstract
Członkowie arystokratycznego rodu Zamoyskich odgrywali bardzo ważną rolę w społeczeństwie polskim w XIX w. Odbywali wiele wyjazdów i byli grupą bardzo mobilną. Za ich życia odbyła się rewolucyjna zmiana w podróżowaniu. Powolne powozy konne zostały zastąpione szybkimi pociągami i samochodami. Młodzi Zamoyscy podróżowali do zagranicznych szkół i uniwersytetów, żeby zdobywać wiedzę humanistyczną, wojskową i gospodarczą. W życiu dorosłym uczestniczyli w życiu publicznym krajów i gospodarowali w majątkach ziemskich, co wymagało podejmowania wielu wyjazdów związanych z podejmowaną przez nich działalnością. Z powodu powstania listopadowego rodzina uległa rozproszeniu po całej Europie. Podtrzymywaniu kontaktów rodzinnych służyły odwiedziny w majątkach, uroczystości rodzinne, wspólne zjazdy w zagranicznych miastach i kurortach, wyjazdy na karnawał, polowania, wystawy itp. Szczególnie często Zamoyscy wyjeżdżali do uzdrowisk z powodów zdrowotnych. Wszelkie te wyjazdy stawały się okazją do poznawania odwiedzanych krajów także od strony turystycznej. Burzliwe dzieje ziem polskich i Europy w XIX w: powstania, wojny, rewolucje, wychodźstwo doprowadzały do wymuszonych wyjazdów Zamoyskich, rujnowały finansowo rodzinę i osłabiały jej wpływ na losy ojczyzny.
Members of the aristocratic Zamoyski family played a very important role in Polish society in the 19th century. They made many trips and were a highly mobile group. During their lifetime, a revolutionary change in travel took place. Slow horse-drawn carriages were replaced by fast trains and cars. The young Zamoyski's travelled to foreign schools and universities to acquire humanities, military and economic knowledge. In their adult life they participated in the public life of their countries and managed landed estates, which required them to undertake many trips related to their activities. Due to the November Rising, the family was dispersed throughout Europe. Family contacts were maintained by visits to the estates, family celebrations, joint reunions in foreign cities and resorts, trips to carnivals, hunting trips, exhibitions, etc. The Zamoyski's particularly often travelled to spas for health reasons. All these trips became an opportunity to get to know the visited countries also from a touristic point of view. The turbulent history of the Polish lands and Europe in the 19th century: uprisings, wars, revolutions, exile, led to the Zamoyskis' forced departures, ruined the family financially and weakened its influence on the fate of the homeland.
Members of the aristocratic Zamoyski family played a very important role in Polish society in the 19th century. They made many trips and were a highly mobile group. During their lifetime, a revolutionary change in travel took place. Slow horse-drawn carriages were replaced by fast trains and cars. The young Zamoyski's travelled to foreign schools and universities to acquire humanities, military and economic knowledge. In their adult life they participated in the public life of their countries and managed landed estates, which required them to undertake many trips related to their activities. Due to the November Rising, the family was dispersed throughout Europe. Family contacts were maintained by visits to the estates, family celebrations, joint reunions in foreign cities and resorts, trips to carnivals, hunting trips, exhibitions, etc. The Zamoyski's particularly often travelled to spas for health reasons. All these trips became an opportunity to get to know the visited countries also from a touristic point of view. The turbulent history of the Polish lands and Europe in the 19th century: uprisings, wars, revolutions, exile, led to the Zamoyskis' forced departures, ruined the family financially and weakened its influence on the fate of the homeland.
Description
Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych, Instytut Historii; promotor pracy: dr hab. Anna Barańska, prof. KUL
Keywords
Zamoyscy, podróże, mobilność, korespondencja, Zamoyski, Travel, Mobility, Correspondence
