Empiryczność i normatywność nauki o polityce w ujęciu Roberta A. Dahla
Abstract
Jednym z najważniejszych wyznaczników tożsamości naukowej danej dyscypliny, oprócz jej rezultatów badawczych, jest wielość podejmowanych problemów metateoretycznych. Dodatkowo ważnym aspektem jest swego rodzaju samoświadomość danej dyscypliny, polegająca na transcendencji i ocenie aktów poznawczych dokonywanych w ramach konkretnej nauki. Dla politologii kluczowym metateoretycznym zagadnieniem jest opozycja pomiędzy empiryczną nauką o polityce a normatywną teorią polityki. Przedmiotem nieniejszej rozprawy była rozwijana przez Roberta A. Dahla teoria nauki o polityce, a dokładniej relacja pomiędzy empirycznością a normatywnością w rozwijanej przez niego nauce o polityce. Hipoteza badawcza brzmi: zdaniem Dahla traktowanie empiryczności i normatywności jako opozycyjnych jest w nauce o polityce błędem metodologicznym; konsekwentnie empiryczna metodologia w ujęciu Dahla zawiera elementy normatywne. W tym aspekcie praca ma wyraźnie charakter metaprzedmiotowy. Jednakże analiza tego problemu pozwoliła na pełniejsze poznanie natury nauki o polityce i w ten sposób może przyczynić się do budowania tożsamości metodologicznej tej dyscypliny, a przez to wspomóc samą dyscyplinę.
One of the most important indicators of scientific identity of a given field of study, apart from its research results, is that numerous problems concerning this field of study itself, that is, meta-theoretical issues, are addressed and discussed. Additionally, the self-awareness of this field of study, which consists in transcendence and the evaluation of cognitive acts within this specific area, is another important aspect. The opposition between the empirical study of politics and the normative theory of science is a key metatheoretical issue for political science. This dissertation focuses on the theory of political science developed by Robert A. Dahl: more specifically, on the relationship between empiricalness and normativeness presented in this theory. The aim of the research was to analyse, reconstruct and interpret Dahl's views on the relationship between empiricalness and normativeness in the study of politics 219 developed by him. The research hypothesis is as follows: in Dahl's opinion, the treatment of empiricalness and normativeness as opposing notions is a methodological flaw in the study of politics. As a consequence, empirical political science in Dahl's view contains normative elements. In this aspect, this dissertation is clearly meta-subjective. However, the analysis of this issue has made it possible to know the nature of the study of politics in more depth. In this way, it can contribute to the development of the methodological identity of this field of study, and as a result, support and advance the field itself.
One of the most important indicators of scientific identity of a given field of study, apart from its research results, is that numerous problems concerning this field of study itself, that is, meta-theoretical issues, are addressed and discussed. Additionally, the self-awareness of this field of study, which consists in transcendence and the evaluation of cognitive acts within this specific area, is another important aspect. The opposition between the empirical study of politics and the normative theory of science is a key metatheoretical issue for political science. This dissertation focuses on the theory of political science developed by Robert A. Dahl: more specifically, on the relationship between empiricalness and normativeness presented in this theory. The aim of the research was to analyse, reconstruct and interpret Dahl's views on the relationship between empiricalness and normativeness in the study of politics 219 developed by him. The research hypothesis is as follows: in Dahl's opinion, the treatment of empiricalness and normativeness as opposing notions is a methodological flaw in the study of politics. As a consequence, empirical political science in Dahl's view contains normative elements. In this aspect, this dissertation is clearly meta-subjective. However, the analysis of this issue has made it possible to know the nature of the study of politics in more depth. In this way, it can contribute to the development of the methodological identity of this field of study, and as a result, support and advance the field itself.
Description
Wydział Filozofii, Instytut Filozofii; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: dr hab. Ewa Agnieszka Lekka-Kowalik, prof. KUL
Keywords
metodologia nauk, semiotyka, nauka o polityce, empiryczność, normatywność, methodology of science, semiotic, political science, empiricalness, normativness
