Teodor de Wyzewa face à ses maîtres
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Date
2019
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Abstract
L’article analyse les écrits critiques (réunis dans Nos Maîtres) et les textes littéraires de Teodor de Wyzewa, en fonction de son attitude à l’égard de ceux qu’il considérait comme ses maîtres. L’évolution de la pensée de Wyzewa démontre que cet adepte du wagnérisme s’est progressivement éloigné de ceux qui l’ont influencé, en remplaçant une approche intellectuelle de l’art et la foi aveugle dans la science, jugée vaine, par un idéal à la fois esthétique et éthique. Dans le roman Valbert ou les Récits d’un jeune homme Wyzewa décrit un détachement de l’idéalisme aliénant au profit d’une attitude spontanée face à la vie. Sa relecture des paraboles bibliques met en question la philosophie schopenhauerienne au profit du tolstoïsme (Contes chrétiens). La quête des valeurs morales entraîne une rupture avec la pensée symboliste en faveur d’une religion de l’amour et de la beauté. En formulant son propre enseignement Wyzewa a donc dépassé l’autorité de ses maîtres, sans pourtant amoindrir leur importance pour toute sa génération.
The paper analyzes Teodor de Wyzewa’s critical writings (collected in Nos Maîtres) and literary texts, paying special attention to his attitude to those whom he considered his masters. The evolution of Wyzewa’s ideas shows that this adept at Wagnerism gradually distanced himself from those who had influenced him, replacing the intellectual approach to art and blind faith in science, regarded as worthless, by an aesthetic and ethical ideal. In the novel Valbert ou les Récits d’un jeune homme, Wyzewa describes a move away from alienating idealism towards a spontaneous attitude to life. His new interpretation of biblical parables abandons Schopenhauer ’s philosophy in favour of the Tolstoyan movement (Contes chrétiens). The search for moral values is connected with a break with Symbolist thought for the benefit of a religion of love and beauty. Formulating his own teaching, Wyzewa surpassed the authority of his masters, without, however, diminishing their significance for his generation.
The paper analyzes Teodor de Wyzewa’s critical writings (collected in Nos Maîtres) and literary texts, paying special attention to his attitude to those whom he considered his masters. The evolution of Wyzewa’s ideas shows that this adept at Wagnerism gradually distanced himself from those who had influenced him, replacing the intellectual approach to art and blind faith in science, regarded as worthless, by an aesthetic and ethical ideal. In the novel Valbert ou les Récits d’un jeune homme, Wyzewa describes a move away from alienating idealism towards a spontaneous attitude to life. His new interpretation of biblical parables abandons Schopenhauer ’s philosophy in favour of the Tolstoyan movement (Contes chrétiens). The search for moral values is connected with a break with Symbolist thought for the benefit of a religion of love and beauty. Formulating his own teaching, Wyzewa surpassed the authority of his masters, without, however, diminishing their significance for his generation.
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Keywords
Wyzewa, wagnérisme, philosophie schopenhaurienne, science, religion, beauté, Wagnerism, Schopenhauer ’s philosophy, beauty
Citation
"Quêtes littéraires" 2019, nº 9, s. 77-89