Recepcja prawa synodalnego Kościoła Rusińskiego na przykładzie dekanatu bełzkiego w latach 1890-1941
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Date
2019-11-19
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Abstract
Recepcja lub, inaczej mówiąc, przyjęcie i realizacja postanowień synodalnych jest procesem, dzięki któremu prawodawstwo kościelne wprowadza swoje zarządzenia w życie podwładnych. Jednocześnie trzeba zaznaczyć, że taka recepcja możliwa jest tylko w tych przypadkach, kiedy wydane postanowienia są znane i akceptowane większościa osób, do których są one skierowane. Dlatego najlepszym procesem przyjęcia i stosowania przepisów prawnych, jak ich pozytywne czy negatywne skutki, jest zwoływanie zebrań dekanalnych, które we wspólnotach chrześcijańskich zwoływano już od dawnych czasów. Praca ta prezentuje jeden z przykładów recepcji prawa synodalnego w kościele grekokatolickim na podstawie protokołów zebrań dekanatu bełzkiego. Dla pełnego zrozumienia tego procesu na początku omawia się wszystkie przepisy prawne, które dotyczą urzędu dekanalnego, zarówno te, które mieszczą się w prawodawstwie ogólnym, jak i te, które są zawarte w prawodawstwie synodalnym kościoła grekokatolickiego. W pierwszej kolejności omówiono problematykę związaną z teologicznym rozumieniem kościelnego urzędu, genezę urzędu dziekana i jego kompetencji. Przy tym poruszono zagadnienia związane z używaniem terminologii tego urzędu; powołania i rozwoju struktur dekanalnych do zawarcia unii brzeskiej, po jej zawarciu, w okresie synodu, z jednoczesnym wyakcentowaniem postanowień synodu Chełmskiej i Przemyskiej eparchii, związanym z tym urzędem. W rozprawie szczegółowo omawia się również przepisy prawne związane z: organizacją dekanatów, samego urzędu dekanalnego czy innych urzędów dekanalnych i sposobu ich powoływania oraz kompetencji. Jednocześnie biorąc pod uwagę temat rozprawy doktorskiej, zwrócono szczególną uwagę na przepisach odnoszących się do zebrań dekanalnych, ich genezy, składu uczestników czy kompetencji. Podobnie omówienie aspektu historycznego dekanatu bełskiego, jego struktur parafialnych i duchownych, czy aktualnie obowiązujących przepisów regulujących przebieg zebrań dekanalnych jest bardzo ważne. Bezpośrednia analiza protokołów zebrań dekanatu bełskiego w okresie 1890-1941 wskazuje na wielką różnorodność problemów oraz sposobów ich prawnego rozwiązywania w parafiach danego dekanatu. Poruszaną w protokołach problematykę starano się sprowadzić do następujących aspektó: życie materialne kościoła i parafii, działania duszpasterskie kapłanów, przepisy liturgiczne kościoła, funkcja kontrolna dziekana, sposób praktycznego stosowania i interpretacji przepisów prawa powszechnego oraz partykularnego w życie pposzczególnych parafii. Każdy protokół zebrań dekanalych jest przykładem recepcji prawnych przepisów synodalnych. Ważnym dodatkiem do prowadzonego badania jest analiza struktur i protokołów, zeznań bractwa cerkiewnego pod wezwaniem św. Mikołaja, założonego przy parafii św. Ducha w m. Bełz. Badanie daje możliwość zobaczyć, jak wierni świeccy mogli uczestniczyć w życiu i działaniu swego kościoła, oraz jak wielkie znaczenie miało istnienie takich wspólnot kościelnych.
Reception or, in other words, the adoption and implementation of Synodal Decrees is a process that helps the church legislator to implement his orders in the life of his subordinates. At the same time, it should be noted that such a reception is a possible only in those cases when the issued decrees will be know and accepted by the majority of persons to whom they are directed. Therefore, the best process of acceptance and application of legal requirements, as well as their positive or negative consequences, is the convening of a dean's meeting, practiced in Christian communities since ancient times. This dissertation is one of the examples of the reception of synodal law prescriptions in the Greek Catholic Church on the basis of protocols and meetings of the Belz Deanery. However, for a holistic understanding of this process, all legal requirements related to the deanal government are discussed at the outset: both those contained in general legislation and those contained in the synodal legislation of the Greek Catholic Church. That is why for the first discussion there were problems connected with theological understanding of church government, the genesis of the dean's government, their competence. So there is a problem related to the use of terminology for this government; the formation and development of the deanery structures before and after the Brest Union, during the Zamoysky and Lviv Synods, withe the simultaneous separation of the decisions of the Synod of the Kholm and Przemysl Diocese connected with this government. In this dissertation also are discussed the legal requirements related to: organization of deaneries; the dean's government itself or other deanal governments and their way of becoming and competence. At the same time, taking into account the subject of the dissertation, particular attention is paid to the prescriptions concerning the dean's meetings, their genesis, the composition of the participants or their competences. Similarly, the discussion of the historical aspect of the Belz Deanery, its parish structures and the clergy, who performed pastoral duties there, or the actual binding regulations governing the way of the dean's meetings, is very important and gives an opportunity to understand how and under the influence of which factors took place adoption and implementation of Synodal Decrees in parishes of the Belz Deanery. At the same time, the direct analysis of protocols of the Belz Dean's meetings during the period from 1890 to 1941 showed the existence of a great variety of problems in the parishes of this Deanery as well as the ways of their legal solution. the problems that appeared in these protocols generally were tried to bring to the following categories: material life of the church and parish, pastoral ministry of priests, liturgical orders of the church, controlling duties of the clergy, the way of application and clarification of the requirements of general and particular law in the life of the parish. Also,each protocol of the dean's meeting is a concrete example of how the reception of legal synodal regulations was made through the dean's meeting. An important of this study is the analysis of the statute and protocols of the St. Nicolas Church Fraternity, founded at the parish of The Holy Spirit in Belz. Their research provides an opportunity to see how believers can participate in the life and activities of their church, as well as the importance of the existence of such church communities.
Reception or, in other words, the adoption and implementation of Synodal Decrees is a process that helps the church legislator to implement his orders in the life of his subordinates. At the same time, it should be noted that such a reception is a possible only in those cases when the issued decrees will be know and accepted by the majority of persons to whom they are directed. Therefore, the best process of acceptance and application of legal requirements, as well as their positive or negative consequences, is the convening of a dean's meeting, practiced in Christian communities since ancient times. This dissertation is one of the examples of the reception of synodal law prescriptions in the Greek Catholic Church on the basis of protocols and meetings of the Belz Deanery. However, for a holistic understanding of this process, all legal requirements related to the deanal government are discussed at the outset: both those contained in general legislation and those contained in the synodal legislation of the Greek Catholic Church. That is why for the first discussion there were problems connected with theological understanding of church government, the genesis of the dean's government, their competence. So there is a problem related to the use of terminology for this government; the formation and development of the deanery structures before and after the Brest Union, during the Zamoysky and Lviv Synods, withe the simultaneous separation of the decisions of the Synod of the Kholm and Przemysl Diocese connected with this government. In this dissertation also are discussed the legal requirements related to: organization of deaneries; the dean's government itself or other deanal governments and their way of becoming and competence. At the same time, taking into account the subject of the dissertation, particular attention is paid to the prescriptions concerning the dean's meetings, their genesis, the composition of the participants or their competences. Similarly, the discussion of the historical aspect of the Belz Deanery, its parish structures and the clergy, who performed pastoral duties there, or the actual binding regulations governing the way of the dean's meetings, is very important and gives an opportunity to understand how and under the influence of which factors took place adoption and implementation of Synodal Decrees in parishes of the Belz Deanery. At the same time, the direct analysis of protocols of the Belz Dean's meetings during the period from 1890 to 1941 showed the existence of a great variety of problems in the parishes of this Deanery as well as the ways of their legal solution. the problems that appeared in these protocols generally were tried to bring to the following categories: material life of the church and parish, pastoral ministry of priests, liturgical orders of the church, controlling duties of the clergy, the way of application and clarification of the requirements of general and particular law in the life of the parish. Also,each protocol of the dean's meeting is a concrete example of how the reception of legal synodal regulations was made through the dean's meeting. An important of this study is the analysis of the statute and protocols of the St. Nicolas Church Fraternity, founded at the parish of The Holy Spirit in Belz. Their research provides an opportunity to see how believers can participate in the life and activities of their church, as well as the importance of the existence of such church communities.
Description
Wydział Prawa, Prawa Kanonicznego i Administracji, Instytut Prawa Kanonicznego; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: ks. dr hab. Leszek Adamowicz
Keywords
zebrania dekanalne, dekan, Kościół rusyński, prawo synodalne, Bełz, Dean's meeting, dean's, Rusyn Church