Rola religii w kulturze w ujęciu Zofii J. Zdybickiej. Studium z filozofii religii
Abstract
Przedmiotem pracy jest zagadnienie roli religii w kulturze w ujęciu Zofii J. Zdybickiej. Tej problematyce towarzyszą pytania pomocnicze: 1) Pytanie o rozumienie kultury, czym charakteryzuje się kultura w jej głównych dziedzinach - nauce-wiedzy, moralności, sztuce i religii; 2) pytanie o fakt religii, czym jest i dlaczego istnieje?; 3) pytanie o ludzką osobę, czy człowiek jest z natury religijny (homo religiosus)?; 4) pytanie o rozumienie cywilizacji, czym różni się od kultury oraz jaka jest rola religii w wyodrębnianiu cywilizacji? Główną tezą niniejszej pracy jest stwierdzenie, że według Z. J. Zdybickiej, religia jest „ogniskową” kultury, czyli będąc szczególną dziedziną kultury, religia tę kulturę przekracza (transcenduje), przenika jej pozostałe dziedziny tj. naukę, moralność i sztukę, oraz je swoiście integruje; bez religii nie może istnieć w pełni ludzka kultura. Praca składa się z trzech rozdziałów. Pierwszy dotyczy problemu istnienia religii i jej definicji. Zawiera analizę metafizyczną człowieka jako istoty religijnej - homo religiosus, problem interpretacji i wyjaśnienia faktu religii oraz formy i typy religii. Drugi rozdział dotyczy religii jako dziedziny kultury i zawiera m. in. problem rozumienia kultury, wyodrębnienia poszczególnych dziedzin kultury oraz zagadnienie cywilizacji. Trzeci rozdział dotyczy zagadnienia religii jako ogniskowej kultury i zawiera zagadnienie roli religii w: nauce (θεωρία [theorίa]); moralności (πρᾶζις [praksis]) - etyce, ekonomice i polityce; sztuce (τέꭓνη [téchne]) w znaczeniu sztuki pięknej i technicznej, oraz zagadnieniu roli religii w doskonaleniu osoby ludzkiej. W dysertacji zastosowano metodę analizy tekstów oraz metafizyczną metodę interpretacji i wyjaśniania zagadnienia religii, jej miejsca i roli w kulturze, w ujęciu Z. J. Zdybickiej.
The main subject of this dissertation is the role of religion in the culture according to Zofia J. Zdybicka. This matter is assisted by the following questions: 1) the question about understanding the culture, what are the characteristic of the culture within its main spheres (fields) - the science-knowledge, the morality, the arts (beautiful and technics) and the religion; 2) the question about the fact of religion, what is it, and why it exists? 3) the question about the human person, is a man religious being (homo religiosus) by nature?; 4) the question about understanding the civilization, what is the difference with the culture, and what is religion role in distinguishing of the civilizations? The fundamental thesis of this dissertation is, that according to Z. J. Zdybicka, the religion is „the focal point” of the culture, it means, that by being a special field of culture, the religion exceeds (transcends) the culture, permeates its remaining fields: the science-knowledge, the morality (ethics, economics, politics) and the arts (beautiful arts and technics), specifically integrates them; without the religion the fully developed human culture can’t exists. The work consists of the three chapters. The first chapter refers to the problem of the religion’s existence and its definition. It includes metaphysical analysis of a man as a religious being - homo religiosus, the problem of interpretation and explanation of the religious fact, also the forms and the types of various religions. The second chapter focuses on concern about religion as the field of culture and includes among others the problem of the culture’s understanding, the matters of distinguishing the particular fields of the culture, and the subject of the civilizations. The third chapter refers to the problem of religion as „the focal point” of culture and includes the role of religion in: the science (θεωρία [theorίa]); the morality (πρᾶζις) [praksis] - ethics, economics, politics; the arts (τέꭓνη [téchne]) - the beautiful arts and technics; and the role of religion in the perfecting the human person. In the dissertation it has been applied the method of the analysis of the texts and the metaphysical method of interpretation and explanation of the problem of religion, and its place and role in the culture, according to Z. J. Zdybicka.
The main subject of this dissertation is the role of religion in the culture according to Zofia J. Zdybicka. This matter is assisted by the following questions: 1) the question about understanding the culture, what are the characteristic of the culture within its main spheres (fields) - the science-knowledge, the morality, the arts (beautiful and technics) and the religion; 2) the question about the fact of religion, what is it, and why it exists? 3) the question about the human person, is a man religious being (homo religiosus) by nature?; 4) the question about understanding the civilization, what is the difference with the culture, and what is religion role in distinguishing of the civilizations? The fundamental thesis of this dissertation is, that according to Z. J. Zdybicka, the religion is „the focal point” of the culture, it means, that by being a special field of culture, the religion exceeds (transcends) the culture, permeates its remaining fields: the science-knowledge, the morality (ethics, economics, politics) and the arts (beautiful arts and technics), specifically integrates them; without the religion the fully developed human culture can’t exists. The work consists of the three chapters. The first chapter refers to the problem of the religion’s existence and its definition. It includes metaphysical analysis of a man as a religious being - homo religiosus, the problem of interpretation and explanation of the religious fact, also the forms and the types of various religions. The second chapter focuses on concern about religion as the field of culture and includes among others the problem of the culture’s understanding, the matters of distinguishing the particular fields of the culture, and the subject of the civilizations. The third chapter refers to the problem of religion as „the focal point” of culture and includes the role of religion in: the science (θεωρία [theorίa]); the morality (πρᾶζις) [praksis] - ethics, economics, politics; the arts (τέꭓνη [téchne]) - the beautiful arts and technics; and the role of religion in the perfecting the human person. In the dissertation it has been applied the method of the analysis of the texts and the metaphysical method of interpretation and explanation of the problem of religion, and its place and role in the culture, according to Z. J. Zdybicka.
Description
Wydział Filozofii, Instytut Filozofii Teoretycznej; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: prof. dr hab. Włodzimierz Franciszek Dłubacz
Keywords
religia, kultura, cywilizacja, filozofia religii, homo religiosus, religion, culture, civilization, philosophy of religion