Studia Prawnicze KUL, 2020, nr 4
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- ItemGlossary to the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Katowice of 25 April 2018, file no. I ACa 1056/17(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2020) Konik, PiotrThe position expressed in the thesis of the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Katowice concerns an important and complex issue relating to a claim for monetary compensation in case of infringement of the personal goods of a legal person. The assumption that legal persons do not have the ability to feel like natural persons means that harm cannot be seen as these negative feelings – pain and suffering (physical and mental). The non-material harm to the personal goods of a legal person is, therefore, in a different form than that of a natural person. The considerations contained in the glossary are intended to determine what it is. They lead to the conclusion that the amount of non-material harm to the personal goods of a legal person is smaller than that of a natural person. This results in a smaller scope of monetary compensation applications for non-material harm to the personal goods of a legal person.
- ItemResignation of a shareholder of a simple joint-stock company(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2020) Zdanikowski, Paweł MarcinThe subject matter of the article is the analysis of the institution of the resignation of a shareholder in a simple joint-stock company. The author considers the introduction of an institution granting a shareholder the right to exit the company as justified. It may form an instrument for the protection of interests of shareholder (usually the minority of them), which on the one hand are marginalized by other shareholders (usually the majority), and on the other hand find it impossible (due to legal or actual grounds) to dispose of their shares, regardless of whether the company does not consent it, or there is no demand for them, due to the situation of the company. The author critically assesses the regulation of the institution of resignation. He believes that it will be ineffective in its current form: first, because of the requirement for the petitioner to sue all the remaining shareholders. Secondly, due to the scope of court cognition, which is too narrow, the current regulation can be effective only if the company voluntarily buys out after losing the case in the resignation proceedings. Otherwise, effective resignation from the company will require an action for a commitment to make a declaration of intent, followed by an action for payment. The article also contains specific suggestions for optimizing this provision.
- ItemWhen hostess makes a difference in off-premises contract? – Commentary to order of the Cjeu Of 17.12.2019, C-465/19 B&L Elektrogeräte(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2020) Trzebiatowski, Marcin RemigiuszA consumer off-premises contract still raises doubts, even in terms of basic concepts. In the context of Directive 2011/83, a problem arose how to understand a “public place” in which the contact established by the trader with the consumer in a personal and individual way, which directly results in the conclusion of a contract, makes it an off-premises contract. It was about the contact made by the hostess in the aisle of exhibition fairs leading to trade stands. Until now, it seemed that the consumer had to take into account the offers of traders right from the threshold of the market hall. The CJEU considered that in this case, the contract was concluded off-premises. This decision has a significant impact on German practice, which was going in a different direction, as well as on Polish practice, in which there is no relevant case law.
- ItemA ban on contact with a minor child in the presence of third parties. Considerations from the perspective of family law case-law(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2020) Tanajewska, RenataIt seems that the institution of marriage is experiencing a crisis of trust. As a consequence of the lack of agreement between spouses, the welfare of underage children is suffering. Instead of being the center of attention, they become a part of a marital or post-marital skirmish. The purpose of this publication is to depict the legal situation of minor children in the exercise of parental authority, with particular emphasis on the exercise of contacts with parents. An additional objective is to draw attention to the fact that the child, whose welfare should be a priority in any proceedings, is repeatedly violated, first and foremost by those responsible for his or her protection, namely the parents. According to the research thesis put forward herein, a minor child of the parties to divorce proceedings becomes an element of the procedural game both for the duration of such proceedings as well as later – until the child reaches majority.
- ItemRobo-advice in insurance distribution under Polish law. Outline of the problem(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2020) Szaraniec, MonikaThis article relates to the problems of introducing new technologies in the activities of insurance distributors, especially brokers, and points to essential legal aspects of non-adjustment or absence of legal solutions in this respect. The author focused her investigations on the essence, application of robo-advice in economic insurance, as well as its admissibility in the Polish insurance distribution model. The article points to the types of cooperation of robo-advisors with the traditional insurance distributor and imperfections of the outsourcing agreement’s legal regime. The applicable Polish civil law norms on civil liability for damages caused by artificial intelligence are also not keeping pace with the development of new technologies and require reform, in the first place, on the level of UE law.