The Repository collects scientific achievements of employees and doctoral students of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin. The purpose of the repository is dissemination of the scientific achievements of the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, promoting conducted scientific research and supporting didactic activities. The repository collects, stores and shares digital documents in the form of books, scientific articles, scientific journals, conference materials, didactic materials etc.
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listelement.badge.dso-type Item , Understanding Secondary School Students’ Motivation to Learn Spanish(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Roszkowska, KatarzynaTaking into consideration the crucial role of motivation in learning foreign languages, the author of this text, who is also a high school Spanish teacher, decided to conduct a study whose aim was to discover which factors motivate high school students to learn this language and how students’ motivation changes depending on the time they have been learning the language. The study involved two groups of high school students whose third language was Spanish (after Polish and English). The first group included first-year students aged approximately 15-16, and the second group included third-year students aged approximately 17-18. A total of 30 people took part in the study (15 in the first group and 15 in the second group). The research tool used in the study was a survey including several parts, which was inspired by the survey created by Zoltán Dörnyei and Ema Ushioda in 2021, included in the book Teaching and Researching motivation. The students were asked to respond to sixteen statements based on a Likert scale, where each number from 1 to 5 represented a different level of agreement. Having analysed the survey results, one could come to the conclusion that first-year students are much more motivated to learn Spanish than third-year students. The results from this part were as follows: Year I – 45.55% of students motivated; Year III – 31.68% of students motivated. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate demotivating factors and support situations that motivate students in order to teach Spanish to high school students as effectively as possible.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , The Interconnection between Perspective-Taking Process and World-Creating Predicates in Language Use(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Shuvalov, DenisPerspective-taking (PT) is a fundamental cognitive faculty that enables individuals to understand and engage with others’ viewpoints. This paper focuses on overt linguistic items that directly signal perspectival shifts. Central to this investigation are world-creating predicates, such as verbs of cognition (e.g., think, believe) and utterance (e.g., say, tell), which contribute to the construction of perspectivity in language. Drawing on attributional semantics, this study argues that these predicates differ in their relation to PT: while predicates of utterance merely express another’s perspective, predicates of cognition more actively require the speaker to adopt that perspective. Through contextual analysis, the paper demonstrates how these predicates operate along a private-public domain continuum, with implications for identifying actual PT occurrences in discourse. Ultimately, it has been demonstrated that predicates establish perspectivity in two distinct ways, depending on their degree of egocentricity. For example, predicates of cognition (think, believe) belong to the private domain and lead to actual occurrences of PT, as they compel the speaker to adopt another’s perspective — to “put themselves in someone else’s shoes”. In contrast, predicates of utterance (say, tell) belong to the public domain and indicate merely the linguistic expression of a perspective without requiring the speaker to adopt it. In other words, these predicates simply attribute verbally expressed content to an “I” distinct from the speaker. Additionally, a five-level partial ordering has been proposed to capture gradations between the extremes of the private-public domain.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , “Bloody + Emotions” – An Investigation into the Australian Exclamations and Expletives(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Szymańska, MałgorzataAustralian variety of English is known as very informal, often associated and even synonymous with slang. Hunter (2004: 5) wrote that Australians tend to be informal in their speech and behaviour, and one aspect of this informality is the extensive usage of slang. One of the most prominent indicators of this informality is the adjective bloody used as an element of an everyday speech as a component of various compounds to intensify the speaker’s message or in numerous exclamations. The purpose of this paper is to present the partial results of a survey carried out among young Australian Speakers with a view to investigating the case of bloody used as an intensifier, expletive and a part of a compound as well as to present other expletives and exclamations in current use. The study sheds light on the most typical compounds used in exclamations as well as on the current state of bloody in comparison with other expletives.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , The CIPP-TRS Corpus: Corpus Construction and Preliminary Analyses(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Tagliaferro, Laura; Fiorentino, Ludovica; Guarasci, Raffaele; Franzese, Luigi; Saia, Viviana Maria; Spennato, Giancarlo; Iasevoli, Felice; Vitelli, Roberto; de Bartolomeis, Andrea; Dovetto, Francesca M.Schizophrenia, a neurodevelopmental disorder, significantly affects cognitive and linguistic functions, often resulting in disorganized speech, reduced syntactic complexity, and impaired discourse cohesion. While previous corpora have explored linguistic disruptions in schizophrenia, no dataset has systematically distinguished between treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and non-treatment-resistant (non-TRS) speech patterns. This study presents the CIPP-TRS Corpus, an annotated collection of transcribed speech from 20 individuals with schizophrenia (10 TRS, 10 non-TRS), alongside a control group of 10 neurotypical speakers. By analyzing peri-linguistic (e.g., interjections, pauses) and paralinguistic (e.g., breath patterns, output modalities) features, we investigate the linguistic manifestations of schizophrenia across these subgroups. Our preliminary findings suggest that TRS patients exhibit richer peri-linguistic markers, and increased hesitation phenomena, while non-TRS patients demonstrate greater lexical retrieval difficulties. Moreover, TRS individuals struggle more with temporal processing, particularly when recalling past events or engaging with past retellings, reinforcing theories on Theory of Mind (ToM) impairments and lived-time disturbances in schizophrenia. The CIPP-TRS Corpus represents a crucial step toward identifying linguistic biomarkers of schizophrenia and its treatment-resistant subtype. Future research will expand the dataset and incorporate prosodic, syntactic, and pragmatic analyses to refine our understanding of speech pathology in schizophrenia, with potential applications in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , Girl Math or Nonsense? – (De)valuation and (In)visibility of Women in Social Media Slang(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Żak, AngelikaThe study aims at presenting the phenomenon of the devaluation of women and their invisibility in youth-oriented language. The main focus of this research is social media and comments found in apps such as TikTok or X, which are some of the most popular social media platforms among teenagers. Language, just like a living organism, constantly changes to fit the needs of society, and since nowadays women are no longer only mothers and wives, the speech should reflect this phenomenon. The data is juxtaposed with women’s stereotypes found in the most popular proverbs. Therefore, upon examining the data, one is able to discover both changes and similarities between these two. The question posed in the article is whether slang still highlights the greatness of men and the weakness of women, just like the language used to present. Consequently, the main principle of the study is to establish whether any changes are happening with regard to the inclusivity of younger generations’ everyday speech. In other words, the objective of the article is to illustrate how patriarchal society affects slang, along with teenagers’ beliefs, as well as to present how the young generation breaks the cycle of stereotypical and sexist speech.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , Partitive and Counting Phrases in Polish: A Nanosyntactic Analysis of Syncretism(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Žoha, LukášThis paper investigates syncretism in Polish pseudo-partitive and counting phrases, where different forms of the same noun appear in context as ‘a piece of apple’, ‘two apples’, and ‘five apples’. These contexts exhibit three distinct syncretism patterns: AAB, ABC, and ABA, depending on whether suffixes are repeated or differ across forms. The analysis focuses on how suffixes signal distinctions in number and countability, drawing on the nanosyntactic framework. By applying the Lexicalization Algorithm, the paper shows how noun structures grow incrementally and how suffixes compete for lexicalization. Special attention is paid to the ABA pattern in feminine nouns, where the same suffix appears in the genitive singular and genitive plural, but not in the nominative plural – a configuration rarely attested cross-linguistically. The findings provide evidence for fine-grained syntactic structure and illustrate how syncretism patterns reflect the underlying functional sequence.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , Obce księgi metrykalne z Archiwum Parafii w Kumowie(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Bielak, Włodzimierz; Hamryszczak, Artur PawełArtykuł prezentuje nieznane cztery księgi metrykalne z XVII-XVIII wieku, odnalezione w archiwum parafialnym w Kumowie, w dekanacie chełmskim wschodnim. W wyniku badań udało się ustalić pochodzenie wspomnianych ksiąg z parafii Rudna w dekanacie parczewskim. Nieznane są jednak losy tych metrykaliów i dlaczego znalazły się w parafii w Kumowie. Odnalezione metryki nie są do tej pory znane badaczom, a ich opracowanie wychodzi naprzeciw postulatom skatalogowania zachowanych ksiąg metrykalnych Lubelszczyzny. W artykule nie dokonano analizy procesów demograficznych zachodzących w Lubelskiem, a jedynie dostarczono nowych danych do pracy przyszłym badaczom tych kwestii, m.in. wykaz chrztów, małżeństw i zgonów, formy sporządzania zapisów metrykalnych itp. The article presents four unknown parish registers from the 17th and 18th centuries, found in the parish archives in Kumów, in the eastern Chełm deanery. The research allowed us to determine that the aforementioned books originated from the parish of Rudna in the deanery of Parczew. However, the fate of these records and the reason behind their appearance in the parish in Kumów remain unknown. The records found are not yet known to researchers, and their compilation meets the requirements for cataloguing the preserved registry books of the Lublin region. The article does not analyse demographic processes occurring in the Lublin region, but merely provides new data for future researchers of these issues, including a list of baptisms, marriages and deaths, forms of record keeping, etc.listelement.badge.dso-type Item , Dokumentacja w kancelariach parafialnych w świetle postanowień synodów diecezjalnych z okresu międzywojennego (1918-1939). Zagadnienia wybrane(Wydawnictwo KUL, 2025) Bujak, GrzegorzPo odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości w 1918 roku Kościół podjął szereg działań w celu usunięcia ograniczeń z okresu zaborów i uporządkowania własnych struktur. Ważnym instrumentem porządkowania i reformowania sytuacji w poszczególnych diecezjach stały się synody diecezjalne. W ich statutach podejmowana była różnorodna problematyka, w tym dotycząca zagadnień funkcjonowania administracji diecezjalnej na różnych poziomach. Tematem niniejszego artykułu będzie omówienie najważniejszych postanowień synodów diecezjalnych z okresu międzywojennego dotyczących wybranych grup dokumentacji powstającej w parafiach i zasad jej prowadzenia. Po zarysowaniu organizacji pracy w kancelariach parafialnych przedstawione zostaną cztery główne rodzaje prowadzonej tam dokumentacji: księgi metrykalne, dokumentacja dotycząca działalności gospodarczej i finansowej, działalności duszpasterskiej i wizytacji parafii. After Poland regained independence in 1918, the Church undertook a series of measures to remove the restrictions imposed during the period of partition and to reorganize its own structures. Diocesan synods have become an important instrument for organising and reforming the situation in individual dioceses. Their statutes addressed a variety of issues, including those concerning the functioning of diocesan administration at various levels. This article discusses the most important decisions of diocesan synods from the interwar period concerning selected groups of documentation created in parishes and the rules for maintaining it. After outlining the organization of work in parish offices, four main types of documentation kept there will be presented, namely registry books, as well as records concerning economic and financial activities, pastoral activities, and parish visitations.