Izydora z Sewilli "O narodzinach i śmierci świętych ojców": kompozycja traktatu
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Date
2020
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
Utwór Izydora De ortu et obitu patrum zawiera życiorysy wybitnych biblijnych postaci od Adama do Tytusa. Zgodnie z tym, co Sewilczyk zapowiada w tytułach i przedmowie traktatu, opowiada on o pochodzeniu (ortus), charakterze, cnotach i osiągnięciach (vita), a także okolicznościach śmierci i pochówku (obitus) bohaterów, wśród których czytelnik znajdzie patriarchów, sędziów, królów, proroków, apostołów i uczniów Pana. W większości są to mężczyźni: za wyjątkiem kilku bohaterek (Estery, Judyty, Matki Jezusa Marii), którym Izydor poświęca osobne rozdziały, prezentuje on biblijne niewiasty w sposób bardzo powierzchowny. Charakterystyki bohaterów mają charakter laudacyjny. Biogramy są bardzo różnorodne, dzięki czemu tekst staje się urozmaicony i przyjemny w odbiorze. Izydor poszerza granice świata hiszpano-rzymskich czytelników, zapoznając ich z topografią Ziemi Świętej. Czas traktatu to czas zbawienia, czas Boga, który wkracza w dzieje ludzkości, oraz współpracujących z Nim — i ze sobą nawzajem — jednostek, niepowtarzalnych dzięki otrzymanym od Stwórcy darom.
Isidore’s work On the Lifes and Deathes of the Fathers contains biographies of outstanding biblical figures from Adam to Titus. According to what has been announced in the titles and in the introduction, the author describes the ancestry (ortus), character, virtues and achievements (vita), circumstances surrounding the death and burial of the heroes (obitus), among which we find patriarchs, judges, kings, prophets, Lord’s apostles and pupils. Most of them are men: except for few heroins (Esther, Judit, Mary, Mother of Jesus), Isidore presents biblical women very superficially. His descriptions tend to praise the heroes demonstrating them as persons worthy of being imitated. Sevillian does not design a homogenuous and binding all over the treatise model of describing the heroes he presents. Due to this the text is varied and pleasant in perception. Isidore familiarizes his reader with the great biblical figures and broadens his Visigothic audience’s world while transferring into it the exotic topography of Holy Land. He seems to be less interested in precise dating of the events he describes. The treatise’s time seems to be the space of mankind’s redemption and salvation, propitious kairos, in which God speaks to a man and a man fulfills His will, colaborating with Lord’s grace and supported by brethren’s assistance.
Isidore’s work On the Lifes and Deathes of the Fathers contains biographies of outstanding biblical figures from Adam to Titus. According to what has been announced in the titles and in the introduction, the author describes the ancestry (ortus), character, virtues and achievements (vita), circumstances surrounding the death and burial of the heroes (obitus), among which we find patriarchs, judges, kings, prophets, Lord’s apostles and pupils. Most of them are men: except for few heroins (Esther, Judit, Mary, Mother of Jesus), Isidore presents biblical women very superficially. His descriptions tend to praise the heroes demonstrating them as persons worthy of being imitated. Sevillian does not design a homogenuous and binding all over the treatise model of describing the heroes he presents. Due to this the text is varied and pleasant in perception. Isidore familiarizes his reader with the great biblical figures and broadens his Visigothic audience’s world while transferring into it the exotic topography of Holy Land. He seems to be less interested in precise dating of the events he describes. The treatise’s time seems to be the space of mankind’s redemption and salvation, propitious kairos, in which God speaks to a man and a man fulfills His will, colaborating with Lord’s grace and supported by brethren’s assistance.
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Keywords
Izydor z Sewilli, Biblia, topografia, biografia, czas, historia zbawienia, patrologia, O narodzinach i zgonach świętych ojców, Isidore of Seville, Bible, On the Lifes and Deathes of the Fathers, ancient biography, biblical topography, history of salvation, biblical
Citation
"Vox Patrum", 2020, T. 73, s. 95-122