Maryja jako hetmanka na podstawie hymnu Akatyst
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Date
2021
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
We wstępie do hymnu „Akatyst” znajduje się wyrażenie „Waleczna Hetmanka” odnoszące się do Maryi. Możliwe, że zostało ono wprowadzone w czasie oblężenia Konstantynopola (626), ale nie jest czymś obcym w całości hymnu. Maryja została tak określona na podstawie Rdz 3, 14 oraz Ap 12, 1-18. Egzegeza patrystyczna ukazuje Maryję nie tylko jako pełną łaski, ale i pełną mocy, czyli pomagającą ludziom w trudnościach nadprzyrodzonych i doczesnych. Mieszkańcy Konstantynopola mieli świadomość, że są obywatelami miasta chrześcijańskiego, a zagraża im pogaństwo. Modlili się do Maryi o odwrócenie grożącej klęski militarnej.
In the introductory strophe to the hymn Acathistos there is an invocation tȇ hypermachȏ stratȇgȏ addressed to Mary. The word stratȇgós means: great army commander (general); grammatically it is masculinum. There was no female form of this word because women have been never charged by such a function. Female form was created by the article ȇ in Dative (tȇ). It must have sounded naturally or seriously; otherwise, the author would not have introduced it into this religious hymn destined to be sung in the church. Even, if this invocation was introduced during the siege of Constantinople in 626, it corresponds to the text of the hymn: there are other titles expressing the conviction that Mary is not only full of grace, but also full of power. She can help people not only in their spiritual difficulties, but also in a danger in their contemporary lives. Such a conviction was based on the two fragments of the Bible (Gen 3: 14 and Rev 12: 1-18). Those fragments were referred by the theologians of the patristic time to the Church and to Mary as well. The inhabitants of Constantinople prayed Mary for protection against the Persian aggression; and the Persian army left the district of the capital without having attacked it.
In the introductory strophe to the hymn Acathistos there is an invocation tȇ hypermachȏ stratȇgȏ addressed to Mary. The word stratȇgós means: great army commander (general); grammatically it is masculinum. There was no female form of this word because women have been never charged by such a function. Female form was created by the article ȇ in Dative (tȇ). It must have sounded naturally or seriously; otherwise, the author would not have introduced it into this religious hymn destined to be sung in the church. Even, if this invocation was introduced during the siege of Constantinople in 626, it corresponds to the text of the hymn: there are other titles expressing the conviction that Mary is not only full of grace, but also full of power. She can help people not only in their spiritual difficulties, but also in a danger in their contemporary lives. Such a conviction was based on the two fragments of the Bible (Gen 3: 14 and Rev 12: 1-18). Those fragments were referred by the theologians of the patristic time to the Church and to Mary as well. The inhabitants of Constantinople prayed Mary for protection against the Persian aggression; and the Persian army left the district of the capital without having attacked it.
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Keywords
Akatyst, Maryja, Konstantynopol, obrona, zwycięstwo, Acathistos, Mary, Constantinople, defense, victory
Citation
"Vox Patrum", 2021, T. 80, s. 221-238