Metropolici Dyrrachion wobec naturalnych katastrof i kryzysu Bizancjum w XIII w.
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Date
2021
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
W XIII w. biskupi Dyrrachion (Dyrrachion) stanęli wobec wielu problemów politycznych i religijnych. Musieli również stawić czoło spowodowanej siłami natury katastrofy (trzęsienie ziemi i tsunami), jaka dotknęła miasto w 1271 r., potem porzucone przez biskupa Niketasa (Niketas) i zdobyte przez łacinników. Historyk Jerzy Pachymeres (Georgios Pachymeres) opisał przebieg kataklizmu i jego następstwa uwzględniając krytykę polityki kościelnej cesarza Michała VIII Paleologa (Michael VIII Paleologos). Z kolei dla św. Serapiona (Serapion) z dalekiej Rusi los mieszkańców Dyrrachion, podobnie jak pogranicznego Przemyśla był konsekwencją moralnego upadku wywołanego bliskimi kontaktami z łacinnikami. Mimo opinii o wpływie katolików w Dyrrachion poparcie cesarza z Konstantynopola zapewniało ochronę prawosławnej organizacji kościelnej w tej części zachodnich Bałkanów.
In the 13th century, the bishops of Dyrrachion faced numerous political and religious problems. They also had to confront the natural disaster (earthquake and tsunami) that hit the city in 1271, subsequently abandoned by the bishop Niketas and conquered by the Latins. The historian Georgios Pachymeres described the course of the cataclysm and its aftermath, taking into account the criticism of the Church policy of Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos. In turn, for St. Serapion from distant Rus, the fate of the inhabitants of Dyrrachion, like the fate of the border town of Przemyśl, was a consequence of a moral decline caused by close contacts with Latins from Poland. Despite the opinion about the influence of Catholics in Dyrrachion, the support of the emperor from Constantinople ensured the protection of the Orthodox church organization in this part of the western Balkans.
In the 13th century, the bishops of Dyrrachion faced numerous political and religious problems. They also had to confront the natural disaster (earthquake and tsunami) that hit the city in 1271, subsequently abandoned by the bishop Niketas and conquered by the Latins. The historian Georgios Pachymeres described the course of the cataclysm and its aftermath, taking into account the criticism of the Church policy of Emperor Michael VIII Paleologos. In turn, for St. Serapion from distant Rus, the fate of the inhabitants of Dyrrachion, like the fate of the border town of Przemyśl, was a consequence of a moral decline caused by close contacts with Latins from Poland. Despite the opinion about the influence of Catholics in Dyrrachion, the support of the emperor from Constantinople ensured the protection of the Orthodox church organization in this part of the western Balkans.
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Keywords
Bizancjum, Ruś, Dürres, Dyrrachion, Albania, biskup, trzęsienie ziemi, tsunami, Kościół katolicki, Kościół prawosławny, Georgius Pachymeres, św. Serapion, konflikt, Byzantium, Rus, bishop, earthquake, Catholic Church, Orthodox Church, conflict, St. Serapion
Citation
"Vox Patrum", 2021, T. 77, s. 97-112