„Najbardziej elokwentni z Ojców” a metoda przepowiadania w Kościele przełomu IV i V wieku
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Date
2023
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
Grzegorz z Nazjanzu i Jan Chryzostom na przestrzeni czasu zostali uznani za najwybitniejszych kaznodziejów Kościoła na Wschodzie. Celem obecnego artykułu jest wykazanie, że różnili się w sposobie opracowania tekstów publicznych wystąpień, co implikuje potrzebę odrębnego podejścia do ich dorobku. Obaj Ojcowie tworzyli w okresie, gdy retorykę wykorzystywano bardziej na potrzeby rozrywki niż przekazu wiedzy, a znani z biegłości krasomówczej sofiści uchodzili za przekupnych i zdeprawowanych. Na przestrzeni kilkudziesięciu lat doprowadziło to w Kościele do odrzucenia warsztatu retorycznego na rzecz bardziej przystępnego co do formy i języka gatunku – homilii.
Gregory of Nazianzus and John Chrysostom were recognized by posterity as the greatest preachers of the Church in the East. The purpose of the present article is to show that they differed in the way of preparing the texts of public speeches, which implies the need for a separate approach to their output. Both Fathers wrote at a time when rhetoric was used more for entertainment than for the transmission of knowledge, and sophists, known for their oratory proficiency, were considered corrupt and depraved. Over the course of one generation, this led the Church to reject the rhetorical workshop in favor of a genre that is more accessible in terms of form and language – the homily.
Gregory of Nazianzus and John Chrysostom were recognized by posterity as the greatest preachers of the Church in the East. The purpose of the present article is to show that they differed in the way of preparing the texts of public speeches, which implies the need for a separate approach to their output. Both Fathers wrote at a time when rhetoric was used more for entertainment than for the transmission of knowledge, and sophists, known for their oratory proficiency, were considered corrupt and depraved. Over the course of one generation, this led the Church to reject the rhetorical workshop in favor of a genre that is more accessible in terms of form and language – the homily.
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Keywords
retoryka, homilia, Grzegorz z Nazjanzu, Jan Chryzostom, kaznodziejstwo wczesnochrześcijańskie, rhetoric, homily, Gregory of Nazianzus, John Chrysostom, ancient preaching
Citation
"Vox Patrum", 2023, T. 85, s. 73-90