Wydział do Spraw Wyznań Prezydium Wojewódzkiej Rady Narodowej we Wrocławiu wobec procesji Bożego Ciała w latach 1950-1965
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Date
2021
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Wydawnictwo KUL
Abstract
Publiczne sprawowanie kultu w latach 1950–1989 w Polsce było uznawane za wrogie wobec idei państwa świeckiego. Władze państwowe uznawały Kościół Katolicki za wroga ideologicznego i dążyły do ograniczenia wolności sumienia i wyznania obywateli, spychając religię do sfery prywatnej. Podobną taktykę stosowano wobec jednego z najważniejszych dla katolików świąt – Bożego Ciała. Administracja wyznaniowa we Wrocławiu starała się ograniczać w tym dniu ekspresję religijną w przestrzeni publicznej. Wykorzystywano do tego prawo o zgromadzeniach, które dało narzędzia do koncesjonowania procesji religijnych. Środki podejmowane przez organy państwowe w stosunku do Kościoła Katolickiego i jego wiernych naruszały standardy ówczesnego prawa. Bardzo często dokonywano rozszerzającej wykładni przepisów lub wprost ignorowano poszczególne akty prawne. Na uczestników procesji nakładano liczne ograniczenia oraz wywierano presję, wykorzystując do tego na przykład kierownictwo zakładów pracy. Dodatkowo władze państwowe konkurowały z Kościołem Katolickim, organizując liczne wydarzenia alternatywne. Imprezy plenerowe, wycieczki i zawody sportowe miały za cel odciągnięcie wiernych od uroczystości religijnych. Oceniając te zabiegi, należy stwierdzić, że wprost naruszały one standardy rozdziału Kościoła od państwa.
Public worship between 1950–1989 in Poland was considered hostile to the idea of secular state. The state authorities regarded the Catholic Church as an ideological enemy and sought to limit the freedom of conscience and religion of citizens, pushing religion into the private sphere. Similar tactics were used in relation to one of the most important Catholic holidays – Corpus Christi. The denominational administration in Wrocław tried to limit religious expression in public spaces on that day. The assembly law, which gave the instruments to license religious processions, was used for this purpose. The measures taken by the state authorities against the Catholic Church and its believers violated the legal standards of the time. The laws were often interpreted expansively or ignored altogether. Numerous restrictions were imposed on participants of processions and the pressure was exerted, for example, through workplaces. In addition, the state authorities competed with the Catholic Church by organizing numerous alternatives. Open-air events, excursions and sports competitions were supposed to draw the faithful away from religious ceremonies. These efforts directly violated the standards of state-church separation.
Public worship between 1950–1989 in Poland was considered hostile to the idea of secular state. The state authorities regarded the Catholic Church as an ideological enemy and sought to limit the freedom of conscience and religion of citizens, pushing religion into the private sphere. Similar tactics were used in relation to one of the most important Catholic holidays – Corpus Christi. The denominational administration in Wrocław tried to limit religious expression in public spaces on that day. The assembly law, which gave the instruments to license religious processions, was used for this purpose. The measures taken by the state authorities against the Catholic Church and its believers violated the legal standards of the time. The laws were often interpreted expansively or ignored altogether. Numerous restrictions were imposed on participants of processions and the pressure was exerted, for example, through workplaces. In addition, the state authorities competed with the Catholic Church by organizing numerous alternatives. Open-air events, excursions and sports competitions were supposed to draw the faithful away from religious ceremonies. These efforts directly violated the standards of state-church separation.
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Keywords
administracja wyznaniowa, wolność sumienia i wyznania, procesja, kult publiczny, Kościół katolicki, denominational administration, freedom of conscience and religion, procession, Catholic Church
Citation
"Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego", 2021, T. 24, s. 405-427