Une dialectique de la mémoire et de l’oubli : Hiroshima mon amour de Marguerite Duras
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Date
2022
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Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset
Abstract
Le scénario durassien Hiroshima mon amour (1960) met en évidence une relation étroite entre la mémoire et l’oubli, véhiculée à travers une quête d’identité. L’idée de cette article vise à prouver que l’auteure se sert d’une histoire amoureuse d’une femme dans un lieu de mémoire collective pour se pencher sur la mémoire individuelle d’un être qui par l’évocation des expériences du passé affronte son traumatisme personnel. Nous chercherons à démontrer que l’interpénétration des deux concepts, mise en scène par différentes temporalités, traduit également l’aliénation d’un individu qui, suite à un amour tragique, ne peut échapper ni au souvenir ni à l’oubli. Ainsi, cette étude nous amènera à constater que par la répétition de la même histoire la mémoire fait revivre des situations douloureuses pendant que l’oubli conserve sa valeur positive car, même s’il est associé à une vacuité, il permet de commencer une nouvelle vie et d’envisager un avenir prometteur.
Hiroshima mon amour depicts tight relations between memory and oblivion. The novel’s love story takes place in France’s collective memory, but it also refers to the individual memory of a woman evoking past events. Consequently, the encounter with another human being (a man) allows her to confront her personal trauma. This confrontation can be perceived as a quest for one’s own identity and history, i.e. the alienation history of an individual who – due to an unhappy love affair – cannot escape either the past or oblivion. The permeation of these two notions is emphasised by diverse time perspectives which overlap each other, allowing for an intertextual reading of Duras’ script. Hence, whereas the past revives the memory of painful events to which the writer constantly returns, oblivion can be considered a positive value, which – despite its connection to existential void – opens up a possibility of a new life and invites thoughts concerning a promising future.
Hiroshima mon amour depicts tight relations between memory and oblivion. The novel’s love story takes place in France’s collective memory, but it also refers to the individual memory of a woman evoking past events. Consequently, the encounter with another human being (a man) allows her to confront her personal trauma. This confrontation can be perceived as a quest for one’s own identity and history, i.e. the alienation history of an individual who – due to an unhappy love affair – cannot escape either the past or oblivion. The permeation of these two notions is emphasised by diverse time perspectives which overlap each other, allowing for an intertextual reading of Duras’ script. Hence, whereas the past revives the memory of painful events to which the writer constantly returns, oblivion can be considered a positive value, which – despite its connection to existential void – opens up a possibility of a new life and invites thoughts concerning a promising future.
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Keywords
Marguerite Duras, mémoire, oubli, amour, passé, répétition, memory, oblivion, love, past, repetition
Citation
"Quêtes littéraires" 2022, nº 12, s. 73-84