W swoim Kościele Pan otworzył jego usta (por. Syr 15, 5). Orędownictwo św. Jana Apostoła i Ewangelisty w świetle formularzy mszalnych Kościoła zachodniego do Soboru Trydenckiego
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Date
2020
Authors
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Publisher
Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL & Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Abstract
Od pierwszych wieków chrześcijaństwa kult świętych był nierozdzielnie związany z misterium Chrystusa. Zwłaszcza na początku oddawano szczególną cześć Matce Jezusa i najbliższym uczniom Chrystusa Pana. Jednym z tych uczniów Pana należących do grona Dwunastu, którego kult znany był od pierwszych wieków chrześcijaństwa, jest św. Jan Ewangelista. W tradycji zachodniej obchodzono dwa święta ku Jego czci: dzień narodzin dla nieba, 27 grudnia, oraz wspomnienie poddania go torturom, 6 maja. W kształtowaniu się kultu św. Jana oprócz przekazów biblijnych ważną rolę odegrały apokryfy Nowego Testamentu. Najczęściej z biblijnych przekazów w formularzach mszalnych przywoływano powołanie św. Jana jako rybaka ludzi, jego szczególną relację z Chrystusem podczas Ostatniej Wieczerzy oraz przekazanie pod jego opiekę Matki Pana. Wskazując na Jego naukę często odwoływano się do głoszonego przez niego Odwiecznego Słowa, które od początku było u Boga. Lektura tekstów liturgicznych ku czci św. Jana Ewangelisty pozwoliła ukazać tego Świętego w misterium Kościoła jako wzór zjednoczenia z Chrystusem i Jego Matką, oraz jako orędownika w codzienności życia wiernych.
From the first centuries the Christian cult of saints has been inseparably linked to the mystery of Christ. Particularly at the beginning, special veneration was given to the Mother of Jesus and to the closest disciples of Christ the Lord. One of these disciples of the Lord, belonging to the Twelve, whose cult has been known since the first centuries of Christianity, is St. John the Evangelist. In western tradition two feastdays are observed in his honor: the day of his birth into heaven, December 27, and the memorial of when he was given over to torture, May 6. Along with the biblical accounts, New Testament apocrypha played an important role in the formation of the cult of St. John. The biblical passages most often used in Mass formulas are the calling of St. John to be a fisher of men, his special relationship with Christ at the Last Supper, and the Mother of the Lord being entrusted into his care. In quoting his teaching, reference is often made to his proclamation of the Eternal Word, Who was with God from the beginning. A reading of the liturgical texts honoring St. John the Evangelist makes it possible to see this saint in the mystery of the Church as a model of union with Christ and with His Mother, and as an intercessor in the daily life of the faithful.
From the first centuries the Christian cult of saints has been inseparably linked to the mystery of Christ. Particularly at the beginning, special veneration was given to the Mother of Jesus and to the closest disciples of Christ the Lord. One of these disciples of the Lord, belonging to the Twelve, whose cult has been known since the first centuries of Christianity, is St. John the Evangelist. In western tradition two feastdays are observed in his honor: the day of his birth into heaven, December 27, and the memorial of when he was given over to torture, May 6. Along with the biblical accounts, New Testament apocrypha played an important role in the formation of the cult of St. John. The biblical passages most often used in Mass formulas are the calling of St. John to be a fisher of men, his special relationship with Christ at the Last Supper, and the Mother of the Lord being entrusted into his care. In quoting his teaching, reference is often made to his proclamation of the Eternal Word, Who was with God from the beginning. A reading of the liturgical texts honoring St. John the Evangelist makes it possible to see this saint in the mystery of the Church as a model of union with Christ and with His Mother, and as an intercessor in the daily life of the faithful.
Description
Historia Liturgii
Keywords
liturgia, kult świętych, Eucharystia, św. Jan Apostoł i Ewangelista, liturgy, veneration of saints, Eucharist, John the Apostle and Evangelist
Citation
"Roczniki Teologiczne", 2020, T. 67, nr 8, s. 39-57