Ojcostwo duchowe w listach Barsanufiusza i Jana z Gazy
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Date
2018-09-20
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Abstract
Pierwszy rozdział przedstawia kontekst monastycyzmu palestyńskiego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem klasztoru opata Seridosa, w którym żyli Barsanufiusz i Jan. Jest również próbą sporządzenia portretu osobowego głównych przywódców monastycznych Thawatha: Barsanufiusza, Jana, Seridosa oraz jego późniejszego następcy Aelianosa. Rozdział drugi zatytułowany "Charakterystyka relacji Starców do korespondentów" podejmuje zagadnienia, które charakteryzowały całą posługę Starców, a także ukazuje, iż żyjący w niełatwych uwarunkowaniach historycznych zachęcali swoich respondentów do zachowania wierności nauce Kościoła, mobilizowali w podejmowaniu ciągłego rozwoju duchowego i pomagali w odkrywaniu woli Bożej. Rozdział trzeci odnosi się do tematu posługi Starców wobec grup społecznych, którym przewodzili: anachoretów, cenobitów, duchownych i osób świeckich. W każdej z tych grup starano się wyróżnić rady Mędrców związane z problemami natury doczesnej oraz te, w których uczniowie poruszali kwestie dotyczące życia duchowego. Jednak zarówno pierwsze, jak i drugie składały się na jedną drogę, dla której celem było osiągnięcie zbawienia. Ostatni, czwarty rozdział poświęcony jest merytorycznym aspektom ojcostwa duchowego w Thawatha i omawia zagadnienia, które w nauce Barsanufiusza i Jana zajmowały szczególne miejsce: modlitwę, hezychię, pokorę, ascezę, posłuszeństwo.
The first chapter presents the context of Palestinian monasticism with particular emphasis on the Abbot Seridos' monastery in which Barsanuphius and John lived. It is also an attempt to create a personal portrait of the main monastic leaders of Thawath: Barsanuphius, John, Seridos and his later successor, Aelianos. The second chapter entitled "Characteristics of the Old People's Relationship to correspondents", addresses issues that characterize the entire Old People's ministry and shows that those living in difficult historical conditions encouraged their respondents to remain faithful to the Church's teaching, mobilized them in making continuous spiritual development and helped in discovering God's will. The third chapter refers to the subject of the Old Men's service to the social groups they led: anchorites, cenobites, clergymen and lay people. With relation to each of these groups efforts were made to distinguish the Wise Men's advice connected with the temporal problems and those in which the disciples raised questions about spiritual life. However, both the first and the second constituted one common path whose goal was to achieve salvation. The last, fourth chapter is devoted to the substantive aspects of spiritual fatherhood in Thawatha and discusses the issues which in Barsanuphius' and John's teaching were of significant importance: prayer, hesychia, humility, asceticism, obedience.
The first chapter presents the context of Palestinian monasticism with particular emphasis on the Abbot Seridos' monastery in which Barsanuphius and John lived. It is also an attempt to create a personal portrait of the main monastic leaders of Thawath: Barsanuphius, John, Seridos and his later successor, Aelianos. The second chapter entitled "Characteristics of the Old People's Relationship to correspondents", addresses issues that characterize the entire Old People's ministry and shows that those living in difficult historical conditions encouraged their respondents to remain faithful to the Church's teaching, mobilized them in making continuous spiritual development and helped in discovering God's will. The third chapter refers to the subject of the Old Men's service to the social groups they led: anchorites, cenobites, clergymen and lay people. With relation to each of these groups efforts were made to distinguish the Wise Men's advice connected with the temporal problems and those in which the disciples raised questions about spiritual life. However, both the first and the second constituted one common path whose goal was to achieve salvation. The last, fourth chapter is devoted to the substantive aspects of spiritual fatherhood in Thawatha and discusses the issues which in Barsanuphius' and John's teaching were of significant importance: prayer, hesychia, humility, asceticism, obedience.
Description
Wydział Teologii, Instytut Teologii Duchowości; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: ks. dr hab. Adam Rybicki, prof. KUL
Keywords
ojcostwo duchowe, monastycyzm palestyński, Barsanufiusz, Jan z Gazy, Thawatha, spiritual fatherhood, Palestinian monasticism, Barsanuphius, John of Gaza